
The danger of pseudoscience: Sagan warns against blindly accepting pseudoscientific claims that have no basis in fact or reality.He warns against trusting authority figures or relying on tradition and superstition as a source of knowledge. The importance of critical thinking: Sagan emphasizes the importance of critical thinking when evaluating not only scientific claims but any kind of claim we encounter in life.

Sagan argues that using the scientific method-the process of gathering evidence, forming hypotheses, and testing them-is one of the best ways to separate truth from falsehood.

